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多槽手動超聲波清洗機(jī)：超聲波清洗原理及注意

作者：創(chuàng)始人來源：http://www.zhuohengsh.com/時間：2024-09-02

　　眾所周知，人們所聽到的聲音是頻率20Hz~20000Hz的聲波信號，高于20000Hz的聲波稱為超聲波，聲波的傳遞依照正弦曲線縱向傳播，即一層強(qiáng)一層弱，依次傳遞，當(dāng)弱的聲波信號作用于液體中時，會對液體產(chǎn)生一定的負(fù)壓，使液體內(nèi)形成許許多多微小的氣泡，而當(dāng)強(qiáng)的聲波信號作用于液體時，則會對液體產(chǎn)生一定的正壓，因而，液體中形成的微小氣泡被壓碎。經(jīng)研究證明：超聲波作用于液體中時，液體中每個氣泡的破裂會產(chǎn)生能最極大的沖擊波，相當(dāng)于瞬間產(chǎn)生的高溫和高達(dá)上千個大氣壓，這種現(xiàn)象被稱之為“空化效應(yīng)”，超聲波淸洗正是應(yīng)用液體中氣泡破裂所產(chǎn)生的沖擊波來達(dá)到淸洗和沖刷工件內(nèi)外表面的作用。

　　As is well known, the sound that people hear is a sound wave signal with a frequency of 20Hz~20000Hz, and the sound waves above 20000Hz are called ultrasonic waves. The transmission of sound waves follows a sine curve longitudinal propagation, that is, one layer strong and one layer weak, transmitted in sequence. When a weak sound wave signal acts on a liquid, it will generate a certain negative pressure on the liquid, causing many small bubbles to form inside the liquid. When a strong sound wave signal acts on a liquid, it will generate a certain positive pressure on the liquid, thus crushing the small bubbles formed in the liquid. It has been proven through research that when ultrasound is applied to a liquid, the rupture of each bubble in the liquid produces the strongest shock wave, equivalent to instantaneous high temperature and up to thousands of atmospheres of pressure. This phenomenon is called the "cavitation effect", and ultrasonic cleaning is the use of the shock wave generated by the rupture of bubbles in the liquid to achieve the purpose of cleaning and flushing the inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece.

　　超聲波可以分為三種，即次聲波、聲波、超聲波。次聲波的頻率為20Hz以下，聲波的頻率為20Hz~20kHz，超聲波的頻率則為20kHz以上。其中次聲波和超盧波一般人耳是聽不到的。超盧波由于頻率高、波長短，因而傳播的方向性好、穿透能力強(qiáng)。

　　Ultrasonic waves can be divided into three types, namely infrasound waves, sound waves, and ultrasonic waves. The frequency of infrasound waves is below 20Hz, the frequency of sound waves is between 20Hz and 20kHz, and the frequency of ultrasonic waves is above 20kHz. Among them, infrasound waves and ultrasonic waves are generally inaudible to the human ear. Due to its high frequency and short wavelength, ultrasonic waves have good directionality and strong penetration ability.

　　超聲波淸洗機(jī)原理主要是將換能器，將功率超聲頻源的聲能，并且要轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械振動，通過淸洗槽壁使之將槽子中的淸洗液輻射到超聲波。由于受到輻射的超聲波，使之槽內(nèi)液體中的微氣泡能夠在聲波的作用下從而保持振動。

　　The principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine is mainly to convert the sound energy of the power ultrasonic frequency source into mechanical vibration through the transducer, and to radiate the cleaning solution in the tank to ultrasonic waves through the cleaning tank wall. Due to the radiation of ultrasonic waves, microbubbles in the liquid inside the tank can maintain vibration under the action of sound waves.

　　當(dāng)聲壓或者聲強(qiáng)受到壓力到達(dá)一定程度時候，氣泡就會迅速膨脹，然后又突然閉合。在這段過程中，氣泡閉合的瞬間產(chǎn)生沖擊波，使氣泡周圍產(chǎn)生1012Pa~1013Pa的壓力，這種超聲波氣化所產(chǎn)生的巨大壓力能破壞不溶性污物而使它們分化于溶液中。

　　When the sound pressure or intensity reaches a certain level of pressure, bubbles will rapidly expand and then suddenly close. During this process, a shock wave is generated at the moment when the bubble closes, causing a pressure of 1012 Pa to 1013 Pa around the bubble. The enormous pressure generated by ultrasonic vaporization can destroy insoluble pollutants and cause them to differentiate into the solution.

　　超聲波一方面破壞污物與淸洗件表面的吸附，另一方面能引起污物層的疲勞破壞而被剝離，氣體型氣泡的振動對固體表面進(jìn)行擦洗，污層一旦有縫可鉆，氣泡立即“鉆入”振動使污層脫落，由于空化作用，兩種液體在界面迅速分散而乳化，當(dāng)固體粒子被油污裹著而粘附在淸洗件表面時，油被乳化，固體粒子自行脫落，超聲在淸洗液中傳播時會產(chǎn)生正負(fù)交變的聲壓，形成射流，沖擊清洗件，同時由于非線性效應(yīng)會產(chǎn)生聲流和微聲流，而超聲空化在固體和液體界面會產(chǎn)生高速的微射流，所有這些作用，能夠破壞污物，除去或削弱邊界污層，增加攪拌、擴(kuò)散作用，加速可溶性污物的溶解，強(qiáng)化化學(xué)淸洗劑的淸洗作用。

　　On the one hand, ultrasound destroys the adsorption between dirt and the surface of the cleaning part, and on the other hand, it can cause fatigue damage and detachment of the dirt layer. The vibration of gas bubbles cleans the solid surface. Once there is a gap in the dirt layer that can be drilled, the bubbles immediately "drill in" and vibrate to make the dirt layer fall off. Due to cavitation, the two liquids quickly disperse and emulsify at the interface. When solid particles are wrapped in oil and adhere to the surface of the cleaning part, the oil is emulsified and the solid particles fall off on their own. When ultrasound propagates in the cleaning solution, it generates positive and negative alternating sound pressure, forming a jet that impacts the cleaning part. At the same time, due to nonlinear effects, it produces sound flow and micro sound flow. Ultrasonic cavitation produces high-speed micro jet at the interface between solid and liquid. All of these functions can destroy pollutants, remove or weaken boundary pollution layers, increase stirring and diffusion effects, Accelerate the dissolution of soluble pollutants and enhance the cleaning effect of chemical cleaning agents.

　　由此可見，凡是液體能浸到且聲場存在的地方都有淸洗作用，其特點(diǎn)適用于表面形狀非常復(fù)雜的零件的淸洗。尤其是采用這一技術(shù)后，可減少化學(xué)溶劑的用量，從而大大降低環(huán)境污染。

　　From this, it can be seen that wherever a liquid can penetrate and a sound field exists, there is a cleaning effect, which is suitable for cleaning parts with very complex surface shapes. Especially after adopting this technology, the amount of chemical solvents used can be reduced, greatly reducing environmental pollution.

　　超聲波清洗機(jī)使用注意事項(xiàng)

　　Precautions for using ultrasonic cleaning machine

　　1、超聲波淸洗機(jī)電源及電熱器電源必須有良好接地裝置。

　　1. The power supply of ultrasonic cleaning machine and electric heater must have a good grounding device.

　　2、超聲波清洗機(jī)嚴(yán)禁無清洗液開機(jī)，即清洗缸沒有加一定數(shù)量的淸洗液，不得合超聲波開關(guān)。

　　2. It is strictly prohibited to start the ultrasonic cleaning machine without cleaning solution, that is, if the cleaning tank has not been filled with a certain amount of cleaning solution, the ultrasonic switch must not be turned on.

　　3、有加熱設(shè)備的淸洗設(shè)備嚴(yán)禁無液時打開加熱開關(guān)。

　　3. Cleaning equipment with heating devices is strictly prohibited from turning on the heating switch when there is no liquid.

　　4、禁止用重物(鐵件)撞擊淸洗缸缸底，以免能童轉(zhuǎn)換器晶片受損。

　　4. Do not hit the bottom of the cleaning tank with heavy objects (iron parts) to prevent damage to the converter chip.

　　5、超聲波發(fā)生器電源應(yīng)單獨(dú)使用一路220V/50Hz電源并配裝2000W以上穩(wěn)壓器。

　　5. The ultrasonic generator power supply should use a separate 220V/50Hz power supply and be equipped with a voltage regulator of 2000W or above.

　　6、淸洗缸缸底要定期沖洗，不得有過多的雜物或污垢。

　　6. The bottom of the cleaning tank should be regularly flushed to prevent excessive debris or dirt.

　　7、每次換新液時，待超聲波起動后，方可洗件。

　　7. When changing the liquid each time, wait for the ultrasonic wave to start before washing the parts.

本文由超聲波清洗機(jī)友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識請點(diǎn)擊:http://www.zhuohengsh.com/真誠的態(tài)度.為您提供為的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識我們將會陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請期待.

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