超聲波清洗機是利用超聲波振動原理，對各類幾何形狀復雜的精密設備進行清洗，以除去其上粘附的油脂，放射性物質(zhì)，血跡及細菌等污垢物。那么超聲波清洗機的工作原理是什么樣的呢，超聲波清機又由什么構成的呢？

The ultrasonic cleaning machine uses the principle of ultrasonic vibration to clean all kinds of complex geometric shape precision equipment to remove the dirt such as grease, radioactive substances, blood stains and bacteria. So what is the working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine? What is the composition of ultrasonic cleaning machine?

全自動超聲波清洗機結構

Structure of automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine

超聲波清洗機的結構主要是由超聲波發(fā)生器，清洗槽和箱體三大部分構成。

The structure of ultrasonic cleaning machine is mainly composed of ultrasonic generator, cleaning tank and box body.

1，超聲波發(fā)生器 由電源變壓器及整流系統(tǒng)，振蕩器，推動級，功率放大器及輸送變壓器等組成。

1. Ultrasonic generator is composed of power transformer and rectifier system, oscillator, driving stage, power amplifier and transmission transformer.

2，清洗槽由不銹鋼槽，復合換能器和匹配電感組成。換能器粘合于不銹鋼槽底部，不銹鋼槽與箱架之間墊有減震裝置。

The transducer consists of a stainless steel slot and a cleaning tank. The transducer is bonded to the bottom of the stainless steel tank, and the damping device is padded between the stainless steel tank and the box frame.

3，箱體面板上裝有電流表，電源開關，輸送插座，頻率和功率調(diào)節(jié)旋鈕，其后面裝有電源進線插座及保險管。

3. The panel of the box is equipped with ammeter, power switch, transmission socket, frequency and power adjustment knob, and the back of which is equipped with power inlet socket and safety tube.

超聲波清洗機的工作原理

Working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine

超聲波清洗機是利用超聲波的高能量，使物質(zhì)分子產(chǎn)生顯著地聲壓作用，超聲波振動使液體分子排列緊密時，液體分子受到壓力，超聲波振動使液體分子稀疏時，液體分子受到向外散開的拉力。

Ultrasonic cleaning machine makes use of the high energy of ultrasonic wave to make the material molecules produce significant sound pressure. When the liquid molecules are closely arranged by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are under pressure, and when the liquid molecules are sparse by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are subject to the outward scattered tension.

液體分子較能承受壓力，但受到拉力作用時，其排列易發(fā)生斷裂，這種斷裂發(fā)生在液體中存在雜質(zhì)或氣泡處。液體分子斷裂后，其內(nèi)出現(xiàn)許多泡狀的小空腔，這些空腔在極短的時間內(nèi)閉合，同時產(chǎn)生巨大的瞬時壓力，一般可達數(shù)千兆帕。

Liquid molecules can bear pressure better, but when they are under tension, their arrangement is easy to break. This kind of fracture occurs in the place where there are impurities or bubbles in the liquid. After the fracture of liquid molecules, there are many small bubble like cavities in it. These cavities close in a very short time and generate huge instantaneous pressure, which can reach several gigapascals.

巨大的瞬時壓力，可使懸浮在液體中的固體表面受到急劇的破壞作用，這種超生波對液體，固體的聲壓作用稱為孔蝕現(xiàn)象。根據(jù)此原理，該機振蕩器由電子管組成耦合式電感電容震蕩回路，震蕩頻率由電容和電感決定。電位器用來控制反饋信號，震蕩信號再經(jīng)耦合電容輸至推動級，經(jīng)電子管甲類功率放大器放大后，再經(jīng)未級功率放大，然后傳至換能器，將壓電電能轉(zhuǎn)為機械能，從而產(chǎn)生超聲波振動。

The huge instantaneous pressure can cause the surface of solid suspended in liquid to be destroyed rapidly. The effect of supergenerated wave on the sound pressure of liquid and solid is called pitting phenomenon. According to this principle, the oscillator consists of a coupled inductance capacitor oscillation circuit composed of an electronic tube, and the oscillation frequency is determined by the capacitance and inductance. The potentiometer is used to control the feedback signal. The vibration signal is transmitted to the driving stage through the coupling capacitance. After being amplified by the class a power amplifier of the electronic tube, it is then amplified by the non stage power, and then transmitted to the transducer to convert the piezoelectric energy into mechanical energy, thus generating ultrasonic vibration.